தோழர் நாவலில் வர்க்க உறவுகள்

Njhou; ehtypy; tu;f;f cwTfs;

Kidtu; ngh.eh.fkyh

0.0     Njhw;Wtha;

‘Njhou’; ehtypd; Mrpupau; jD\;Nfhb uhkrhkp Mthu;. gpuhd;]; ehl;bypUe;J ned;Nkdpapy; kUj;Jtkid fl;Ltjw;fhf te;;jpUe;j fpwpj;jtf; FOtpdUf;Fr; rhj;J}iur; Rw;wpAs;s tWikAk;> grpAk; gpd;dpa fupry; fhl;L fpuhkq;fisAk;> mtw;wpy; thOk; kf;fspd; tho;f;ifiaAk; topfhl;bahf ,Ue;J mioj;Jr; nrd;w godpKUfd; vd;w ,isQdpd; ghu;itap;y; ehtypd; fij tpupfpwJ.

1.    fijg;gpd;dy;

Mrpupag;gzp Gupe;j ehtyhrpupau; khu;f;rPathjp. fijj; jiytd; godpKUfidAk; Mrpupadhf> nray;tPudhf jd;idg; Nghd;wtdhfg; gilj;Js;shu;. ehtypd; fijg; gpd;dy; tu;f;f cwTfisr; Rw;wpNa gpd;dg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2.    fsq;fs;

ehtyhdJ> rhj;J}u; mijr; Rw;wpAs;s fypq;fy; Nkl;Lg;gl;b> vd;.Nkl;Lg;gl;b> ej;jj;Jg;gl;b> ned;Nkdp> `up[dq;fs; thOk; td;dpkil> mope;JNghd mf;fiuf;fhL> ,Uf;fq;Fb Mfpa Cu;fisf; fskhff; nfhz;lJ. khu;f;rPa tpthjq;fSf;F cupa fskhf gpnuQ;Rf; FOtpdu; jq;fpapUf;Fk; ned;Nkdp khspif tpsq;FfpwJ.

3.    ikaf; fU

gpnuQ;Rf; FOtpdUld; te;Js;s \gpd;dh fijj; jiytp Mths;. ,e;jpaf; fpuhkq;fspy; epyTk; tWikiaf; fhZk;tiu tWik vd;why; ,d;dnjd;W mwpahjts;. nry;tr; rPkhdpd; kfs;. ‘Njhou’; vd;W miog;gijNa ntWg;gts;. khu;f;rPathjpfisAk; ntWg;gts;. mtu;fs; ‘nfhs;isabg;gtu;fs; nfhiy nra;gtu;fs;’ vd;w jtwhd vz;zq; nfhz;lts; (gf;. 48>49). mts; gpwe;J tsu;e;j Kjyhspj;Jtr; R+oy; mtis mt;thW Mf;fpapUe;jJ.

godpKUfd; khu;f;rPak; gw;wp tpsf;fpr; nrhy;yr; nrhy;y mts; cs;sj;jpy; khw;wk; tpise;jJ. mtSf;Fk;> ,isQdhd godpKUfDf;Fk; cs;sj;jpy; Vw;gl;l <u;g;G Mo;e;j el;ghf kyu;e;jJ mtSf;Fs; epfo;e;j mfkhw;wkhFk;. r%f tpopg;Gzu;T ngw;w mts;> mtid tpl;Lg; gpupe;J nry;Yifapy;> ehL> ,dk;> kjk;> nkhop fle;J mtidj; Njhodhf Vw;W> khu;f;rPaj;ij Vw;W ‘COMRADE’ vd tpspj;jJ mtSf;F Vw;gl;l Gwkhw;wkhFk;. ,itNa fijapd; ikaf; fUthf mikfpd;wd.

4.    ghl;lhsp tu;f;fKk;> Kjyhsp tu;f;fKk;

new;wp tpau;it epyj;jpy; tpog; ghLgLk; ghy;fhuu; Kj;Jr;rhkp> khLNka;f;Fk; G+r;rd;> Vfhyp fUg;gzd;> JiuuhI; Mrhup> rpj;jhs; jq;fNtY> fup%l;lk; NghLNthu; vd vz;zw;w Mz;khe;jUk;> tWikapy; coYk; rlr;rp> G+r;rk;kh> ,Ushap> jq;if jdnyl;Rkp Mfpa ngz;khe;jUk; ghl;lhsp tu;f;fj;jpd; gpujpepjpfs; Mtu;.

jhk; ngw;w ,yQ;rj;jhYk;> nra;j CoyhYk; (g. 25) gzj;ijg; ngUf;fpf; nfhz;l murpay;thjpfs;> mjpfhupfs;> xg;ge;jf;fhuu;fs;> cw;gj;jpg; nghUisg; gJf;Ftjhy; gzk; rk;ghjpf;Fk; tpahghupfs; (g. 121) MfpNahu; Kjyhsp tu;f;fj;jpdu; Mtu;.

ned;Nkdpapy; kUj;Jtkid fl;lte;j gj;Jg; Ngupy; mWtu; Mltu;;; ehy;tu; kfspu;. ,f; FOTf;Fj; jiytu; xU ghjpupahu;. mtu; kl;LNk tuyhw;wpay;> Gtpapay; Nguhrpupau;. kw;wtu; midtUk; VNjDk; Nkw;gbg;Gg; gapd;W tUgtu; (gf;. 25-88;; 90).

nfhn\ vd;gtu; kl;Lk; gpuhd;R ehl;bYs;s nghJTilikf; fl;rpapy; cWg;gpdu;. ,e;j tptuk; gpwUf;Fj; njupahJ. njupe;jpUe;jhy; fpwpj;jtj;ijg; gpd;gw;Wk; jq;fSld; mtiu mioj;J te;jpUf;f khl;lhu;fs;.

5.    tu;f;f czu;Tk; Mrpupaupd; gilg;G kdKk;

ehtyhrpupaupd; gilg;G kdk; tWikapy; thLk; ghl;lhspfspd; epiy fz;L nfhjpf;Fk; kdk;. njhopyhsp – Kjyhsp vd tu;f;fq;fshy; gpsTz;L fplf;Fk; r%fj;jpd; epiy fz;L fyq;Fk; kdk; (g. 42). me;epiyapy; czu;ntOr;rpfs; gPwpl> mtuJ gilg;G kdk; gha;r;ry; (Leap) nfhs;SfpwJ. mtuJ gilg;G kdk; ghl;lhspfs; G+uz Rje;jpuk; ngw Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ. vjhu;j;jNkh grpapYk; gl;bdpapYk; kf;fs; thbf; fplg;gJ> Mrpupaupd; gilg;G kdk; vjhu;j;jj;ijAk;> fw;gidiaAk; gpd;dpg; gpizj;J ehty; gilf;f tpioe;jJ. ‘\gpd;dh’ vd;w fw;gidf; fd;dpiag; gilj;jJ. jd;idg; Nghd;W xU ghj;jpuj;ijg; godpKUfdhf cUthf;fpaJ> khu;f;rPaj; jj;Jtq;fisnay;yhk; mtSf;Fk;> mts; FOtpdu;f;Fk; godpKUfd; tpsf;Ftjhf mikj;jJ. mtu;fsJ ciuahly;fs; midj;Jk; tpthjq;fshfNt cs;sd. nghJTilikr; rpj;jhj;jq;fis mtd; $w> FOtpdu;jk; Iaq;fis tpdt> mtd; tptupf;f ehty; KOtJk; tu;f;fr; rpe;jidfs; G+j;Jf; FYq;f khu;f;rPa kzk; fkOfpwJ.

,yf;fpag; gilg;G vd;gJ fhyj;jpd; fz;zhb vd;gJ vjhu;j;jthjk;. jD\;Nfhb uhkrhkp gilj;j Njhou; ehty; jd;fhyj;J tu;f;fr; rKjhaj;ijf; fiy czu;NthLk;> mofpaNyhLk; gpujpgypj;Jf; fhl;Lk; vjhu;j;jthj ehty;.

6.    nghUshjhuNk r%f tho;itj; jPu;khdpj;jy;

khu;f;]; nghUshjhuNk r%fj;jpd; mbf; fl;Lkhdk; vd;ghu;. nghUshjhuNk kf;fspd; r%f tho;itj;; jPu;khdpf;Fk; fhuzp vd;gJ ,jd; nghUshFk;. r%fk;> kjk;> gz;ghL> fy;tp> muR> ePjp vd;gd Nghd;wit midj;Jk; Nkw;fl;Lkhdq;fs; vd;gJ khu;f;]; fUj;J.

ehtypd; epfo;TfSk; ,f;$w;iw nka;;g;gpf;fpd;wd. mf;fiuf;fhL vd;w rpw;W}upy; tptrhak; nra;J te;j ,UgJ FLk;gq;fs; tptrhak; fl;Lgbahfhjjhy; ned;Nkdp> ej;jj;Jg;gl;b Nghd;w Cu;fSf;Ff; Fbngau;e;J nrd;W jPg;ngl;b> gl;lhR Miyfspy; $ypfshf Ntiy ghu;f;fpd;wdu;.

Gpw cw;gj;jpg; nghUl;fSf;nfy;yhk; cw;gj;jpahsu;fNs tpiyia epu;zap;g;gu;. Mdhy; tptrhapfspd; cw;gj;jpg; nghUSf;F kl;Lk; tpiyia epu;zapg;gtu;fs; tpahghupfs;. cupa cw;gj;jp tpiyf;F Ntshz; nghUl;fis tpw;f ,ayhikahy;> tptrhapfs; el;lg;gl;Lg; gpw njhopy;fis ehbr; nry;Yk; epiy Vw;gLfpwJ (gf;. 120> 121).

Tptrhapfis Miyj; njhopyhspahf khw;wpaJ nghUshjhuNk.

7.    tu;f;fq;fshfg; gpsTglf; fhuzk;

%yjdk; cila Kjyhsp epyj;jpw;Fr; nrhe;jf;fhuu; Mfpwhu;. mJ Ntshz; epykhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. njhopw;rhiy MfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. ghl;lhspapd; ciog;gpd; kjpg;G 80 &gha; ngWk; vdpy;> mtUf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gLk; $yp ntWk; 20 &gha; kl;LNk. kPjp 60 &gha; Kjyhspf;Fr; nrd;W NrUfpwJ (g. 50). ,t;thwhf> ciog;ghsu;fspd; ciog;G Ruz;lg;gLfpwJ.

ghl;lhsp ghl;lhspahfNt fhynky;yhk; tWikapy; thl> Kjyhspaplk; NkYk; NkYk; nry;tk; FtpfpwJ. nghUshjhu Vw;wj; jho;T ngUfg; ngUf r%fkhdJ njhopyhsp tu;f;fk; vd;Wk;> Kjyhsp tu;f;fk; vd;Wk; gpsTgLfpwJ. ,Utu;f;fq;fSf;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s cwT Ruz;ly; cwT MFk;. ,Urhuhu;f;Fk; ,ilNa cs;s Kuz; Ner Kuz; md;W;  gif Kuz; MFk;.

8.    tu;f;fg; Nghuhl;lk;

kf;fs; eyidf; fUj;jpy; nfhs;shJ> Kjyhspf;fhf (for) muR vdTk;> Kjyhspfspdhy; Md (by) muR vdTk;> Kjyhspfspd; (of) muR vdTk; MFk;NghJ ghl;lhsp tu;f;fk; fpsu;e;njOfpwJ (g. 93). njhopw;rq;fg; gpujpepjpfs; %yk; jq;fs; vjpu;g;ig muRf;Fj; njuptpf;fpd;wdu;. rhjfkhd KbT vl;Lk; NghJ vjpu;g;ig tpyf;fpf; nfhs;Sfpd;wdu;. vl;lhjNghJ mJ tu;f;fg; Nghuhl;lkhf ntbf;fpwJ. njhopyhsu;fspd; Nghuhl;lj;ij xLf;f muR fhty;Jiwia VTfpwJ. Jg;ghf;fpr; R+L elj;jpg; Nghuhl;l tPuu;fisf; fiyf;f KaYfpwJ. mt;tkak; capu;r; NrjKk; nghUl;NrjKk; Vw;gLfpwJ. (gf;. 225 – 237).

tq;fpiaf; nfhs;isabf;f Kad;whu;fs;. mjdhy; Jg;ghf;fpr; R+L elj;j Ntz;bajhapw;W vdg; Nghuhl;lf;fhuu;fs; kPJ fhty; Jiw ngha;ahd tof;Fj; njhlUfpwJ (g. 236).

rhj;J}upy; epfo;e;j tu;f;fg; Nghuhl;lf;fsidg; gpnuQ;Rf; FOtpdu;fs; rpyUk;> \gpd;dhTk; godpKUfNdhL nrd;W Neupy; ghu;j;J tUe;jpdu;.

9.    ghl;lhsp tu;f;fj;jpd; tpLjiy

tu;f;fg; Nguhl;lj;jpd; ,Wjpapy; ghl;lhsp tu;f;fk; tpLjiy ngWk; vd;gJ godpKUfdpd; mirf;f Kbahj ek;gpf;if. xU ehs; ciuahLifapy; ghjpupahu;>‘cyfk; khu;f;rPa topapyh gazk; nra;fpwJ?’ vd tpdtpdhu;. godpKUfd; mJ tpupthf tpsf;fg;gl Ntz;baJ vd;W $wpatd;> tuyhw;;Wg; nghUs; Kjy; thjj;ij Mjp kdpjdpd; Ntl;ilr; rKjhak; njhlq;fp nghJTilikr; rKjhak; kyUtJ tiu tpsf;fpdhd;.

Ntl;ilr; rKjhaj;ij mLj;J epyg;gpuGj;Jtr; rKjhak; cUthFk;. gpwF Kjyhspj;Jtr; rKjhak; cUthFk;. mjd; gpd;du; Mz;lhd;-mbik mw;w Nrh\ypr rKjhak; Njhd;Wk;. ,Wjpapy; tu;f;fq;fs; mw;w nghJTilikr; rKjhak; kyUk;. mjpy; kdpjd; gupG+uzkhd Rje;jpuj;ijg; ngWthd; vd;W $wp Kbj;jhd; (gf;. 187> 188).

10.   ,Wtha;

gpuhd;Rf;Fj; jpUk;Gk; ehs; neUq;Fifapy; mf;FOtpddu; godpKUfd; nra;j cjtpf;Ff; ifkhwhf VNjDk; Ntz;LkhW \gpd;dh %yk; godpKUfdplk; Nfl;ldu;. mtd; Ntz;baJ :

“tu;f;fg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; jhd; ,wf;f Neu;e;jhy; Ruz;lYf;F vjpuhf rpwpJk; jhl;rz;akpd;wpg; Nghuhba kdpj Fyk; KOikAk; Nerpj;j xU ey;y Njhod; ,we;J tpl;lhNd vd;W vdf;fhf ,uz;L nrhl;Lf; fz;zPu; rpe;Jq;fs;. ……… mJNt NghJk;” (g. 246) vd;whd;. tu;f;f NtWghL ,y;yhky; Mf mtd; jd; ,d;DapiuAk; <a Maj;jkhf ,Ue;jhd; vd;gij mtd; $w;W fhl;LfpwJ.

Mf> nkhj;jj;jpy; nghJkf;fs; r%f tpopg;Gzu;T ngw ,e;ehty; xU topfhl;b! gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; cs;s khu;f;rPaj;Jiwf;F ,e;ehty; xU ifNaL!! Ma;tpay; epiwQu; (vk;./gpy;.) gl;lk; ngw tpioNthu;f;F juTfis ms;sp toq;Fk; ,e;ehty; xU fiyf;fsQ;rpak;!!!

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